Abstract
This study seeks to achieve a set of scientific and practical objectives that contribute to developing our understanding of process of learning Sports skills to reveal extent to which competitive learning strategy affects improvement of basic offensive basketball skills performance among middle school students. Measuring differences in improvement rates between experimental group that uses competition-based learning strategy and control group that follows traditional learning methods. Identify which offensive skills shooting, dribbling, passing are most affected by application of this strategy. The researcher adopted experimental method by designing two equivalent groups experimental and control with pre- and post-testing, in order to suit nature of problem and its objectives. Research community was defined as middle school students for academic year 2025-2026, totaling 127 students from three sections. The main experimental sample was selected randomly using a simple lottery method, consisting of 40 students from section (A), who were divided into two equal groups: experimental 15 students and control 15 students, representing 31.5% of research community, and a pilot experimental sample consisting of 10 students, representing 7.9% of total research community. Based on results of pre- and post-tests for two research groups and comparing them with significance level of 0.05, that all test values were greater than significance level, and this indicates significance of differences between pre- and post-tests for two research groups.
References
Al-Dulaimi, N. A. Z. (2015). Motor learning methods. Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiya.
Khader, A. M. (1998). Effect of comparative competition and feedback method on motor satisfaction and achievement in football [Doctoral dissertation, University of Mosul, College of Physical Education].
Muhammad, A. I. (1998). Teaching Arabic language (8th ed.). Arab Bureau for Knowledge.
Muhammad, M. A.-S. (2001). Modern trends in teaching education and sports (1st ed.). Al-Shuaa Library and Printing Press.
Muhammad, N. Y. (1996). Effect of using competition method on level of performance of some motor skills and attitudes in handball [Master's thesis, University of Mosul, College of Physical Education].
Shigematsu, S., Ogawa, M., Neya, M., Fujiwara, M., & Nakata, H. (2022). The relationship between free-throw accuracy and performance variables in male wheelchair basketball players. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 17(4), 919–930. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2022.174.18
Soares, A. L. A., Leonardi, T. J., Silva, J., Nascimento, J. V., Paes, R. R., Gonçalves, C. E., & Carvalho, H. M. (2020). Performance, motivation, and enjoyment in young female basketball players: An interdisciplinary approach. Journal of Sports Sciences, 38(8), 873–885. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1736247
Stanković, M., Lazić, A., Milenković, D., Nurkić, F., & Kocić, M. (2022). Motoric abilities of basketball players according to different ranks of competition and playing positions. Sport Mont, 20(2), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220602
Szabó, N., Atlasz, T., Váczi, M., & Sebesi, B. (2025). Does the 10% asymmetry threshold matter? Effects of lower-limb asymmetries on jumping and agility in basketball. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 10(4), Article 445. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10040445
Tyagi, M., Pal, S., Yadav, J., & Kalra, S. (2024). Effectiveness of eight-week variable resistance training on ball release speed, jump height, speed of upper limb performance, and accuracy in young collegiate basketball players. Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, 17(4), 722–729. https://doi.org/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_257_23
Tymoshenko, O., Arefiev, V., Domina, Z., Malechko, T., Bondar, T., Tymchyk, M., Pliushchakova, O., Riabchenko, V., Griban, G., & Prontenko, K. (2021). Exercise machines in speed and coordination development among students playing basketball. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(2), 347–355. https://doi.org/10.13189/SAJ.2021.090224
Tymoshenko, O., Domina, Z., Malechko, T., Nesterova, T., Korkh-Cherba, O., Redkina, M., Konovalska, L., Poluliashchenko, T., Soltyk, O., Shkilna, I., Prontenko, K., & Bloshchynskyi, I. (2022). Developing female students’ motor skills and improving basketball playing techniques by means of special exercise machines. Open Sports Sciences Journal, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399
Vasilev, J., & Iliev, I. (2024). Influence of personal and reactive anxiety on personality characteristics, cognitive abilities and performance of basketball actions. Studies in Business and Economics, 19(2), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2024-0037
Wang, J., Mao, Y., & Tang, P. (2025). The role of passion and affect in adolescents’ basketball participation: A self-determination theory perspective. PLOS ONE, 20(10), Article e0333503. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0333503
